https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/the-idea-of-indian-village-and-village-studies 2026-04-03T07:16:09.395Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ethnicity-and-identity-movements 2026-04-02T12:38:54.583Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-movements 2026-04-02T12:26:01.314Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/backward-classes-and-dalit-movements 2026-04-02T10:00:30.404Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/womens-movement 2026-04-02T08:36:21.728Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/peasants-and-farmers-movements 2026-04-01T08:41:42.010Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/patriarchy-entitlements-and-sexual-division-of-labour 2026-03-26T13:59:45.732Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/household-dimensions-of-the-family 2026-03-26T13:49:20.827Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/family-and-marriage-in-india 2026-03-26T13:46:16.915Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/types-of-kinship-systems 2026-03-26T13:45:05.908Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/lineage-and-descent-in-india 2026-03-26T13:44:00.327Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/secularism 2026-03-26T13:40:17.384Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/decentralisation 2026-03-26T13:37:25.029Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regionalism 2026-03-26T13:36:10.851Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/secularism-and-secularisation-meaning-definition-and-importance 2026-03-26T13:33:45.951Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/problems-of-religious-minorities 2026-03-26T11:02:40.833Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/labour-and-society 2026-03-21T07:06:11.820Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/formal-and-informal-organization-of-work 2026-03-21T07:04:57.892Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/social-organization-of-work-in-different-types-of-society-slave-society-feudal-society-industrial-capitalist-society 2026-03-21T05:10:53.465Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/malthusian-theory-of-population-explanation-checks-and-criticisms 2026-03-19T12:57:43.108Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/marxist-theory-of-population-growth-explanation-concepts-and-criticism 2026-03-19T12:57:12.034Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/protest-agitation-social-movements-collective-action-revolution 2026-03-17T10:59:07.390Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-policy-in-india-evolution-national-population-policy-2000-and-fertility-trends 2026-03-16T13:03:56.903Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/birth-rate-death-rate-and-migration-in-india-trends-causes-and-impact-on-population 2026-03-16T12:47:31.912Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-dynamics-and-demographic-transition-trends-growth-and-population-structure-in-india 2026-03-16T12:39:36.539Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/peasants-and-farmers-movements 2026-03-13T07:25:45.659Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-size-growth-composition-and-distribution 2026-02-23T06:33:14.736Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/factors-controlling-landform-development 2026-02-11T12:35:34.727Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/migration 2026-02-10T16:28:48.893Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/rural-labour 2026-02-10T16:26:53.056Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/planning-for-sustainable-development 2026-02-09T13:14:01.090Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regional-imbalances 2026-02-09T13:12:59.689Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concept-of-a-region 2026-02-09T13:11:26.027Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/globalisation-and-indian-economy 2026-02-09T13:10:20.234Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/issues-related-to-environmental-pollution 2026-02-09T13:09:13.408Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/changes-in-patterns-of-land-use 2026-02-09T13:08:23.875Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regional-consciousness-and-inter-state-issues 2026-02-09T13:07:39.175Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/experience-of-regional-planning-in-india 2026-02-09T13:06:15.020Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/town-planning 2026-02-09T13:05:31.123Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/conurbations-and-metropolitan-regions 2026-02-09T13:04:52.449Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/slums-and-associated-problems 2026-02-09T12:56:57.265Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/urban-sprawl 2026-02-09T12:56:36.160Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/functional-classification-of-indian-cities 2026-02-09T12:56:01.949Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/morphology-of-indian-cities 2026-02-09T12:54:51.220Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/types-patterns-and-morphology-of-rural-settlements 2026-02-09T12:52:18.761Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/religious-minorities 2026-02-09T12:49:51.809Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/racial-linguistic-and-ethnic-diversities 2026-02-09T12:49:28.242Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/health-indicators 2026-02-09T12:48:12.985Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-problems-and-policies 2026-02-09T12:47:52.275Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/marxist 2026-02-09T12:46:42.294Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/neo-liberal 2026-02-09T12:46:17.672Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/linkage-of-rivers 2026-02-09T12:44:38.915Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-awareness 2026-02-09T12:44:10.891Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concept-of-sustainable-growth-and-development 2026-02-09T12:43:50.585Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regional-disparities-in-economic-development 2026-02-09T12:42:53.334Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/deforestation-desertification-and-soil-erosion 2026-02-09T12:42:33.193Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-degradation 2026-02-09T12:42:10.452Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-explosion-and-food-security 2026-02-09T12:41:29.505Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/principles-of-environmental-impact-assessment-and-environmental-management 2026-02-09T12:41:11.481Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ecological-issues-environmental-hazards-landslides-earthquakes-tsunamis-floods-and-droughts-epidemics 2026-02-09T12:38:37.475Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/geopolitics-of-south-asia-and-indian-ocean-realm 2026-02-09T12:37:31.934Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/cross-border-terrorism 2026-02-09T12:36:28.505Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/international-boundary-of-india-and-related-issues 2026-02-09T12:35:56.972Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/emergence-of-new-states 2026-02-09T12:35:00.118Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/state-reorganization 2026-02-09T12:31:40.319Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/geographical-basis-of-indian-federalism 2026-02-09T12:31:10.590Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regional-planning-and-development-of-island-territories 2026-02-09T12:30:45.133Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/multi-level-planning 2026-02-09T12:30:07.999Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/planning-for-backward-area-desert-drought-prone-hill-tribal-area-development 2026-02-09T12:29:36.472Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/watershed-management 2026-02-09T12:29:20.799Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/command-area-development 2026-02-09T12:29:00.636Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/integrated-rural-development-programmes 2026-02-09T12:28:23.425Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/panchayati-raj-and-decentralised-planning 2026-02-09T12:27:43.332Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/urban-developments 2026-02-09T12:27:22.217Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/five-year-plans 2026-02-09T12:27:07.127Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/road-railway-waterway-airway-and-pipeline-networks-and-their-complementary-roles-in-regional-development 2026-02-09T12:26:41.494Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/problems-of-urbanisation-and-remedies 2026-02-09T12:23:51.970Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/migration-inter-regional-intraregional-and-international-and-associated-problems 2026-02-09T12:23:04.143Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/demographic-attributes-sex-ratio-age-structure-literacy-rate-work-force-dependency-ratio-longevity 2026-02-09T12:22:44.569Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/growth-distribution-and-density-of-population 2026-02-09T12:22:09.308Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/cultural-regions 2026-02-09T12:21:42.861Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/major-tribestribal-areas-and-their-problems 2026-02-09T12:21:10.119Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/historical-perspective-of-indian-society 2026-02-09T12:17:16.144Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/indian-space-programme 2026-02-09T12:13:29.778Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/developments-in-communication-and-information-technology-and-their-impacts-on-economy-and-society 2026-02-09T12:13:10.525Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/export-processing-zones 2026-02-09T12:12:53.513Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/trade-policy 2026-02-09T12:12:39.555Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/trade-balance 2026-02-09T12:12:19.883Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/growing-importance-of-ports-on-national-and-foreign-trade 2026-02-09T12:12:01.091Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/tourism-including-ecotourism 2026-02-09T12:11:30.195Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/special-economic-zones 2026-02-09T12:10:35.951Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/multinationals-and-liberalisation 2026-02-09T12:10:17.717Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/new-industrial-policy 2026-02-09T12:07:09.546Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/industrial-regionalisation 2026-02-09T12:06:48.323Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/industrial-houses-and-complexes-including-public-sector-undertakings 2026-02-09T12:06:24.597Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/locational-factors-of-cotton-jute-textile-iron-and-steel-aluminum-fertiliser-paper-chemical-and-pharmaceutical-automobile-cottage-and-ago-based-industries 2026-02-09T12:05:40.907Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agroecological-regions 2026-02-09T12:03:50.949Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agro-climatic-zones 2026-02-09T12:03:10.262Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agricultural-regionalisation 2026-02-09T12:02:31.192Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sericulture-agriculture-and-poultry 2026-02-09T12:02:13.780Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/aquaculture 2026-02-09T12:01:33.477Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/livestock-resources-and-white-revolution 2026-02-09T12:01:12.582Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/natural-vegetation-soil-types-and-their-distributions 2026-02-09T12:00:38.708Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/significance-of-dry-farming 2026-02-09T11:56:10.350Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/green-revolution-and-its-socio-economic-and-ecological-implications 2026-02-09T11:55:51.160Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agro-and-social-forestry 2026-02-09T11:55:20.720Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/cropping-pattern-agricultural-productivity-agricultural-intensity-crop-combination-land-capability 2026-02-09T11:54:52.505Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/land-holdings-land-tenure-and-land-reforms 2026-02-09T11:54:34.114Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/institutional-factors 2026-02-09T11:54:14.701Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/infrastructure-irrigation-seeds-fertilizers-power 2026-02-09T11:53:45.500Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/land-surface-and-ground-water-energy-minerals-biotic-and-marine-resources-forest-and-wildlife-resources-and-their-conservation 2026-02-09T11:47:52.414Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/climatic-regions 2026-02-09T11:47:22.346Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/floods-and-droughts 2026-02-09T11:45:59.140Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/tropical-cyclones-and-western-disturbances 2026-02-09T11:45:38.547Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/physiographic-regions 2026-02-09T11:45:17.019Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/drainage-system-and-watersheds 2026-02-09T11:44:58.717Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/structure-and-relief 2026-02-09T11:44:26.389Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/space-relationship-of-india-with-neighboring-countries 2026-02-09T11:44:10.038Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/laws-of-international-boundaries-and-frontiers 2026-02-09T11:43:46.693Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ostovs-model-of-stages-of-growth-heartland-and-rimland-theories 2026-02-09T11:43:21.078Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/webers-model-of-industrial-location 2026-02-09T11:43:02.934Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/von-thunens-model-of-agricultural-location 2026-02-09T11:42:47.167Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/central-place-theories-of-christaller-and-losch 2026-02-09T11:39:58.087Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/malthusian-marxian-and-demographic-transition-models 2026-02-09T11:38:09.304Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-issues-in-regional-planning 2026-02-09T11:35:14.663Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/system-analysis-in-human-geography 2026-02-09T11:34:53.686Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/perroux-and-boudeville 2026-02-09T11:34:39.308Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sphere-of-urban-influence 2026-02-09T11:33:03.276Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/problems-and-remedies-of-urbanization 2026-02-09T11:31:01.887Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concepts-of-the-over-under-and-optimum-population 2026-02-09T11:29:48.158Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regional-development-strategies 2026-02-09T11:28:43.452Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/growth-centers-and-growth-poles 2026-02-09T11:28:20.396Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/types-of-regions-and-methods-of-regionalization 2026-02-09T11:28:01.886Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/satellite-towns 2026-02-09T11:20:16.786Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sustainable-development-of-cities 2026-02-09T11:19:59.500Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/rural-urban-fringe 2026-02-09T11:19:25.862Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/functional-classification-of-towns 2026-02-09T11:18:59.096Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concept-of-primate-city-and-rank-size-rule 2026-02-09T11:18:38.715Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/urban-morphology 2026-02-09T11:18:20.980Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/hierarchy-of-urban-settlements 2026-02-09T11:18:07.937Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-issues-in-rural-settlements 2026-02-09T11:17:24.743Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-as-social-capital-types-and-patterns-of-rural-settlements 2026-02-09T11:17:07.462Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/population-theories-world-population-problems-and-policies-social-well-being-and-quality-of-life 2026-02-09T11:16:55.021Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/causes-and-consequences-of-migration 2026-02-09T11:16:22.386Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/demographic-attributes 2026-02-09T11:15:53.564Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/patterns-of-world-trade 2026-02-09T11:15:39.770Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/world-industries-location-patterns-and-problems 2026-02-09T11:15:23.990Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/famine-causes-effects-and-remedies 2026-02-09T11:15:05.877Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/food-security 2026-02-09T11:14:47.546Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/food-and-nutrition-problems 2026-02-09T11:14:34.293Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agricultural-inputs-and-productivity 2026-02-09T11:14:02.180Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/world-agriculture-a-typology-of-agricultural-regions 2026-02-09T11:13:25.956Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/the-limits-to-growth 2026-02-09T11:12:47.422Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/energy-crisis 2026-02-09T11:12:10.311Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/world-resources-and-their-distribution 2026-02-09T11:11:53.291Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/world-economic-development-measurement-and-problems 2026-02-09T11:11:40.260Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/human-development-index 2026-02-06T12:45:26.614Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/cultural-regions-of-the-world 2026-02-06T12:45:13.879Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/languages-religions-and-secularisation 2026-02-06T12:44:57.712Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-education-and-legislation 2026-02-06T12:44:14.299Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/dichotomy-and-dualism 2026-02-06T12:43:16.505Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmentalism 2026-02-06T12:43:01.896Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/quantitative-revolution-and-locational-analysis 2026-02-06T12:42:48.606Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/radical-behavioral-human-and-welfare-approaches 2026-02-06T12:42:38.807Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/areal-differentiation 2026-02-06T12:40:19.708Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regional-synthesis 2026-02-06T12:40:07.457Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-hazards-and-remedial-measures 2026-02-06T12:39:16.315Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/factors-influencing-world-distribution-of-plants-and-animals 2026-02-06T12:38:49.978Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-policy 2026-02-06T12:37:46.537Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/biodiversity-and-sustainable-development 2026-02-06T12:33:30.252Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmental-degradation-management-and-conservation 2026-02-06T12:33:17.502Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ecosystem-their-management-and-conservation 2026-02-06T12:33:07.266Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/global-and-regional-ecological-changes-and-imbalances 2026-02-06T12:32:55.613Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/influence-of-man-on-ecology-and-environment 2026-02-06T12:32:27.500Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/human-ecological-adaptations 2026-02-06T12:32:07.251Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/principle-of-ecology 2026-02-06T12:31:54.971Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/major-gene-pool-centers 2026-02-06T12:31:43.717Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/wildlife 2026-02-06T12:31:33.519Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/social-forestry-agro-forestry 2026-02-06T12:27:51.194Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/problems-of-deforestation-and-conservation-measures 2026-02-06T12:27:35.596Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sea-level-changes 2026-02-06T12:23:53.888Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/soil-erosion-degradation-and-conservation 2026-02-06T12:23:07.481Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/soil-profile 2026-02-06T12:22:56.430Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/classification-and-distribution-of-soils 2026-02-06T12:22:42.168Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/genesis-of-soils 2026-02-06T12:22:27.559Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/law-of-the-sea-and-marine-pollution 2026-02-06T12:22:15.542Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/global-climatic-change 2026-02-06T12:21:51.697Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/coral-reefs-coral-bleaching 2026-02-06T12:21:34.842Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/biotic-mineral-and-energy-resources 2026-02-06T12:21:21.417Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/marine-resources 2026-02-06T12:21:08.687Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/waves-currents-and-tides 2026-02-06T12:20:26.439Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/heat-and-salt-budgets-ocean-deposits 2026-02-06T12:20:14.230Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/temperature-and-salinity-of-the-oceans 2026-02-06T12:20:03.104Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/bottom-topography-of-the-atlantic-indian-and-pacific-oceans 2026-02-06T12:19:26.979Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/climatology-and-urban-climate 2026-02-06T12:19:14.209Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/role-and-response-of-man-in-climatic-changes-applied 2026-02-06T12:19:01.568Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/hydrological-cycle 2026-02-06T12:18:31.473Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/koppens-thornthwaites-and-trewarthas-classification-of-world-climate 2026-02-06T12:18:11.480Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/weather-and-climate 2026-02-06T12:17:39.097Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/plate-tectonics 2026-02-06T12:14:40.294Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/geosynclines 2026-02-06T12:11:18.616Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/physical-conditions-of-the-earths-interior 2026-02-06T12:10:48.365Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/planetary-and-local-winds 2026-02-06T12:10:15.926Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/endogenetic-and-exogenetic-forces 2026-02-06T12:08:36.286Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/types-and-distribution-of-precipitation 2026-02-06T12:08:17.686Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/temperate-and-tropical-cyclones 2026-02-06T12:08:05.519Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/air-masses-and-fronts 2026-02-06T12:07:35.862Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/monsoons-and-jet-streams 2026-02-06T12:07:25.134Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/atmospheric-stability-and-instability 2026-02-06T12:05:53.177Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/atmospheric-circulation 2026-02-06T12:05:22.210Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/heat-budget-of-the-earth 2026-02-06T12:05:07.146Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/temperature-and-pressure-belts-of-the-world 2026-02-06T12:04:54.417Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environment 2026-02-06T12:04:44.907Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/economic-geology 2026-02-06T12:00:42.609Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/geomorphology 2026-02-06T12:00:32.118Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/applied-geomorphology 2026-02-06T12:00:22.810Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/slope-development 2026-02-06T12:00:09.938Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/erosion-surfaces 2026-02-06T11:59:58.412Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/channel-morphology 2026-02-06T11:59:48.179Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/denudation-chronology 2026-02-06T11:59:26.771Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concepts-of-geomorphic-cycles-and-landscape-development 2026-02-06T11:58:11.079Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/earthquakes-and-tsunamis 2026-02-06T11:57:17.085Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/volcanicity 2026-02-06T11:57:04.978Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/recent-views-on-mountain-building 2026-02-06T11:56:13.283Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/isostasy 2026-02-06T11:56:02.638Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/continental-drift 2026-02-06T11:55:44.002Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/fundamentals-of-geomagnetism 2026-02-06T11:53:01.627Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/origin-and-evolution-of-the-earths-crusts 2026-02-06T11:52:51.320Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/illiteracy-and-disparities-in-education 2026-02-04T08:56:06.457Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ethnic-conflicts-communalism-religious-revivalism 2026-02-04T08:55:45.908Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/caste-conflicts 2026-02-04T08:55:16.273Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/violence-against-women 2026-02-04T08:54:45.600Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/poverty-deprivation-and-inequalities 2026-02-04T08:54:24.625Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/crisis-of-development-displacement-environmental-problems-and-sustainability 2026-02-04T08:54:01.141Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/emerging-issues-ageing-sex-ratios-child-and-infant-mortality-reproductive-health 2026-02-04T08:53:37.501Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/secularization 2026-02-04T08:37:34.676Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/regionalism-and-decentralization-of-power 2026-02-04T08:37:11.050Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/political-parties-pressure-groups-social-and-political-elite 2026-02-04T08:36:31.937Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/nation-democracy-and-citizenship 2026-02-04T08:36:12.438Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/slums-and-deprivation-in-urban-areas 2026-02-04T08:35:45.884Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/informal-sector-child-labour 2026-02-04T08:35:24.808Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/working-class-structure-growth-class-mobilization 2026-02-04T08:35:03.345Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/growth-of-urban-settlements-in-india 2026-02-04T08:34:34.097Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/evolution-of-modern-industry-in-india 2026-02-04T08:29:53.841Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/problems-of-rural-labour-bondage-migration 2026-02-04T08:29:28.797Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/changing-modes-of-production-in-indian-agriculture 2026-02-04T08:28:59.477Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/green-revolution-and-social-change 2026-02-04T08:28:31.220Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/programmes-of-rural-development-community-development-programme-cooperatives-poverty-alleviation-schemes 2026-02-04T08:27:58.297Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/education-and-social-change 2026-02-04T08:22:34.439Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/constitution-law-and-social-change 2026-02-04T08:22:10.620Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/idea-of-development-planning-and-mixed-economy 2026-02-04T08:21:47.733Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/religious-communities-in-india 2026-02-04T08:20:04.032Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/middle-classes-in-india 2026-02-04T08:15:56.790Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/industrial-class-structure 2026-02-04T08:15:21.261Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agrarian-class-structure 2026-02-04T08:14:44.920Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/issues-of-integration-and-autonomy 2026-02-04T08:14:14.926Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/colonial-policies-and-tribes 2026-02-04T08:13:46.761Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/geographical-spread 2026-02-04T08:13:14.372Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/definitional-problems 2026-02-04T08:12:48.857Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/untouchability-forms-and-perspectives 2026-02-04T08:12:05.664Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/features-of-caste-system 2026-02-04T08:11:34.329Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/perspectives-on-the-study-of-caste-systems-g-s-ghurye-m-n-srinivas-louis-dumont-andre-beteille 2026-02-04T08:11:12.471Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agrarian-social-structure-evolution-of-land-tenure-system-land-reforms 2026-02-04T08:10:44.936Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/social-reforms 2026-02-04T08:09:44.246Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/protests-and-movements-during-the-colonial-period 2026-02-04T08:09:20.974Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/modernization-of-indian-tradition 2026-02-04T08:08:52.543Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/social-background-of-indian-nationalism 2026-02-04T08:08:28.717Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/marxist-sociology-a-r-desai 2026-02-04T08:05:14.503Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/structural-functionalism-m-n-srinivas 2026-02-04T08:04:43.517Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/indology-gs-ghure 2026-02-04T08:04:19.180Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/science-technology-and-social-change 2026-02-04T08:03:12.872Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/education-and-social-change 2026-02-04T08:02:49.224Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/agents-of-social-change 2026-02-04T08:02:07.413Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/development-and-dependency 2026-02-04T08:01:22.587Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sociological-theories-of-social-change 2026-02-04T08:00:55.888Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/contem-porary-trends 2026-02-04T08:00:16.654Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/patriarchy-and-sexual-division-of-labour 2026-02-04T07:59:56.693Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/lineage-and-descent 2026-02-04T07:59:19.455Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/types-and-forms-of-family 2026-02-04T07:58:41.269Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/family-household-marriage 2026-02-04T07:58:18.862Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/religion-in-modern-society-religion-and-science-secularization-religious-revivalism-fundamentalism 2026-02-04T07:57:34.338Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/types-of-religious-practices-animism-monism-pluralism-sects-cults 2026-02-04T07:56:38.523Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sociological-theories-of-religion 2026-02-04T07:56:11.541Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/nation-state-citizenship-democracy-civil-society-ideology 2026-02-04T07:54:54.086Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/power-elite-bureaucracy-pressure-groups-and-political-parties 2026-02-04T07:54:01.979Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sociological-theories-of-power 2026-01-30T13:02:55.140Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/social-mobility-open-and-closed-systems-types-of-mobility-sources-and-causes-of-mobility 2026-01-30T12:58:14.900Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/dimensions-social-stratification-of-class-status-groups-gender-ethnicity-and-race 2026-01-30T12:57:45.545Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/theories-of-social-stratification-structural-functionalist-theory-marxist-theory-weberian-theory 2026-01-30T12:56:51.171Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concepts-equality-inequality-hierarchy-exclusion-poverty-and-deprivation 2026-01-30T12:56:23.485Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/mead-self-and-identity 2026-01-30T12:55:33.318Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/robert-k-merton-latent-and-manifest-functions-conformity-and-deviance-reference-groups 2026-01-30T12:55:12.242Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/talcolt-parsons-social-system-pattern-variables 2026-01-30T12:54:49.194Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/max-weber-social-action-ideal-types-authority-bureaucracy-protestant-ethic-and-the-spirit-of-capitalism 2026-01-30T12:54:27.157Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/emile-durkhteim-division-of-labour-social-fact-suicide-religion-and-society 2026-01-30T12:53:58.897Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/karl-marx-historical-materialism-mode-of-production-alienation-class-struggle 2026-01-30T12:53:34.736Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/variables-sampling-hypothesis-reliability-and-validity 2026-01-30T12:53:09.057Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/techniques-of-data-collection 2026-01-30T12:52:42.455Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/qualitative-and-quantitative-methods 2026-01-30T12:52:14.434Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/non-positivist-methodologies 2026-01-30T12:51:31.583Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/fact-value-and-objectivity 2026-01-30T12:50:41.489Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/positivism-and-its-critique 2026-01-30T12:49:51.206Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/major-theoretical-strands-of-research-methodology 2026-01-30T12:49:19.922Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/science-scientific-method-and-critique 2026-01-30T12:48:45.123Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sociology-and-common-sense 2026-01-30T12:48:08.839Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/scope-of-the-subject-and-comparison-with-other-social-sciences 2026-01-30T12:47:41.565Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/modernity-and-social-changes-in-europe-and-emergence-of-sociology 2026-01-30T12:46:30.147Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/limitations-of-the-comparative-method 2026-01-19T13:50:39.546Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/political-sociology-perspectives 2026-01-19T13:49:46.689Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/political-economy 2026-01-19T13:49:15.082Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/nature-and-major-approaches 2026-01-19T13:48:23.326Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/environmentalist-movements 2026-01-19T13:44:49.716Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/womens-movements 2026-01-19T13:44:11.598Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/civil-liberties-and-human-rights-movements 2026-01-19T13:43:28.264Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/changing-socio-economic-profile-of-legislators 2026-01-19T13:41:35.270Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/trends-in-electoral-behavior 2026-01-19T13:40:50.892Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/pressure-groups 2026-01-19T13:40:24.879Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/patterns-of-coalition-politics 2026-01-19T13:35:19.918Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ethnicity-in-indian-politics 2026-01-19T13:28:41.384Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/religion 2026-01-19T13:27:45.762Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/caste 2026-01-19T13:27:17.009Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/liberalization-and-economic-reforms 2026-01-19T13:22:52.892Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/land-reforms-and-agrarian-relations 2026-01-19T13:20:43.560Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/green-revolution 2026-01-19T13:20:06.337Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/inter-state-disputes 2026-01-19T13:16:18.501Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-backward-classes-commission 2026-01-19T13:15:29.583Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-commission-for-minorities 2026-01-19T13:14:57.367Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-human-rights-commission 2026-01-19T13:14:31.973Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-commission-for-women 2026-01-19T13:14:01.850Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-commission-for-scheduled-tribes 2026-01-19T13:13:37.962Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-commission-for-scheduled-castes 2026-01-19T13:12:54.199Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/union-public-service-commission 2026-01-19T13:12:27.077Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/finance-commission 2026-01-19T13:11:59.250Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/grassroot-movements 2026-01-19T13:11:06.984Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/high-courts 2026-01-19T13:10:00.636Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/legislature 2026-01-19T13:09:31.806Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/envisaged-role-and-actual-working-of-the-executive 2026-01-19T13:08:32.751Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/supreme-court 2026-01-19T12:16:31.380Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/legislature 2026-01-19T12:15:24.298Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/radical-humanist-and-dalit 2026-01-19T12:06:49.065Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/liberal-socialist-and-marxist 2026-01-19T12:05:46.726Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/judicial-review-and-basic-structure-doctrine 2026-01-17T08:01:27.336Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/parliamentary-system-and-amendment-procedures 2026-01-17T08:00:54.291Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/directive-principles 2026-01-17T07:57:48.496Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/peasant-and-workers-movements 2026-01-17T07:55:16.648Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/militant-and-revolutionary-movements 2026-01-17T07:54:34.642Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/civil-disobedience 2026-01-17T07:53:43.389Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/hannah-arendt 2026-01-17T07:45:04.474Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/gramsci 2026-01-17T07:44:37.592Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/marx 2026-01-17T07:43:52.336Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/john-s-mill 2026-01-17T07:43:25.458Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/locke 2026-01-17T07:42:56.995Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/hobbes 2026-01-17T07:42:29.914Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/machiavelli 2026-01-17T07:41:51.278Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/m-n-roy 2026-01-17T07:40:36.738Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/b-r-ambedkar 2026-01-17T07:39:30.235Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/m-k-gandhi 2026-01-17T07:39:00.883Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sri-aurobindo 2026-01-17T07:38:20.480Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/sir-syed-ahmed-khan 2026-01-17T07:37:33.852Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/buddhist-traditions 2026-01-17T07:37:05.329Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/feminism 2026-01-17T07:35:51.327Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/gandhism 2026-01-17T07:34:47.320Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/fascism 2026-01-17T07:34:05.844Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/marxism 2026-01-17T07:33:28.295Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/legitimacy 2026-01-17T07:32:09.451Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/different-models-of-democracyrepresentative-participatory-and-deliberative 2026-01-17T07:31:05.402Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/different-kinds-of-rights 2026-01-17T07:28:15.942Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/affirmative-action 2026-01-17T07:26:56.735Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/the-relationship-between-equality-and-freedom 2026-01-17T07:26:09.056Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/economic 2026-01-17T07:24:22.869Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/feminist 2026-01-16T12:28:00.915Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/post-colonial 2026-01-16T12:27:16.207Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/liberal 2025-07-03T06:46:03.408Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/meaning-and-approaches 2025-07-03T06:45:41.697Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ideological-and-social-bases-of-parties 2025-07-02T13:52:17.547Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/national-and-regional-political-parties 2025-07-02T13:51:20.666Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/role-of-planning-and-public-sector 2025-07-02T13:50:43.996Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/nehruvian-and-gandhian-perspectives 2025-07-02T13:50:08.228Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/integrationist-tendencies-and-regional-aspirations 2025-07-02T13:49:35.238Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/changing-nature-of-center-state-relations 2025-07-02T13:48:54.010Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/constitutional-provisions 2025-07-02T13:48:18.521Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/comptroller-and-auditor-general 2025-07-02T13:47:48.736Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/election-commission 2025-07-02T13:47:10.501Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/significance-of-73rd-and-74th-amendments 2025-07-02T13:46:38.061Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/panchayati-raj-and-municipal-government 2025-07-02T13:46:08.927Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/envisaged-role-and-actual-working-of-the-executive 2025-07-02T13:44:41.488Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/fundamental-rights-and-duties 2025-07-02T13:43:56.387Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/the-preamble 2025-07-02T13:43:24.146Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/different-social-and-political-perspectives 2025-07-02T13:42:49.702Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/legacies-of-the-british-rule 2025-07-02T13:42:10.071Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/noncooperation 2025-07-02T13:41:30.863Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/constitutionalism-to-mass-satyagraha 2025-07-02T13:40:53.009Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/aristotle 2025-07-02T13:40:17.492Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/plato 2025-07-02T13:39:45.280Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/arthashastra 2025-07-02T13:39:06.209Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/dharmashastra 2025-07-02T13:38:38.549Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/socialism 2025-07-02T13:38:01.427Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/liberalism 2025-07-02T13:37:28.316Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/ideology 2025-07-02T13:36:49.662Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/hegemony 2025-07-02T13:36:15.510Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/classical-and-contemporary-theories 2025-07-02T13:34:17.299Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/concept-of-human-rights 2025-07-02T13:33:41.662Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/meaning-and-theories 2025-07-02T13:33:07.424Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/political 2025-07-02T13:32:28.835Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/social 2025-07-02T13:31:45.679Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/conceptions-of-justice-with-special-reference-to-rawls-theory-of-justice-and-its-communitarian-critiques 2025-07-02T13:31:09.226Z https://examguru.co.in/upsc/optional-notes/pluralist 2025-07-02T13:30:32.797Z