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Governance
Office of District Magistrate
- 2023-07-10 12:01:52
- Team ExamGuru
- GS-II
- Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
- Civil Services
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Office of District Magistrate
The position of District Collector was created by Warren Hastings in 1772.
Powers, Duties and Responsibilities District Magistrate/Collector
The District Magistrate or the Collector is the chief executive and chief administrative and revenue officer of a district. He makes necessary co-ordination of the official agencies functioning within the district. The functions and responsibilities of the District Magistrate Collector may be broadly classified as follows: Collector, District Magistrate, Deputy Commissioner, Chief Protocol Officer, Chief Development Officer and Returning Officer.
As a Collector
- Land assessment
- Land acquisition
- Collection of land revenue, maintenance of land records, land reforms, consolidation of holdings etc
- Collection of income tax dues, excise duties, irrigation dues etc.
- Distribution of agricultural loans
- Disaster management during natural calamities such as floods, famines or epidemics
- Crisis management during riots or external aggression
- Chairman of the District Bankers CoordinationCommittee.
- Head of the District Industries Centre
As a District Magistrate
- Maintenance of law and order
- Supervision of the police and jails
- Supervision of subordinate Executive magistracy
- Hearing cases under the preventive section of the Criminal Procedure Code
- Supervision of jails and certification of execution of capital sentences
- To submit the annual criminal report to the government
As a Deputy Commissioner
- Report to divisional commissioner on all matters
- Act as ex-officio chairman of the District Development Authority in absence of divisional commissioner
As a Chief Protocol Officer
- Conducts the census work
- Look after the supply and proper distribution of daily necessity good
- Hears and takes adequate steps to redress the grievances of the local people
- Supervises the activities of the young government officers in the district and arrange for their training etc.
As a Chief Development Officer
- Conduct all the development plans and projects of the district
- Put into effect the policy of democratic decentralization
- Act as the chief liaison officer of the state government within the district.
As a Returning Officer
- Conduct and supervise all the election works in the district.
Changing Role of Secretary
Conventional Role of Secretary
Secretaries to the Government of India broadly played the following roles:
- Administrative Head of the Ministry.
- Policy Adviser to the Minister.
- Engaging with the Cabinet Secretariat.
- Engaging with the Prime Minister’s Office.
- Representing the Ministry before Parliamentary Committees.
But, in the present day circumstances, it has evolved well beyond the conventional and became complex and multidimensional.
Multi-Dimensional Role for the Secretary in the Present Era
- Behavioural Change
- Certain aspects require behavioural change; it involves nudging the States and District Administration to achieve the targets.
- More and more interaction is required in the field so as to bring behavioural change.
- Technology
- Virtual classrooms can become the focal points.
- The District level functionaries, field functionaries can be trained with virtual classrooms.
- With apps, we can monitor the progress on a daily basis.
- Leveraging technology is essential to achieve the final goal.
- Convergence among the Ministries
- For the delivery of various flagship programmes, there is a need for Convergence.
- For example, if we take Swachh Bharat, it requires convergence among the Ministries of School Education, Health, Women and Child Development as well as Rural Development.
- If the secretaries work in silos, it is not possible to achieve the end goal.
- Communication
- The Secretary should communicate to the outside World in clearer terms.
- The traditional role of a Secretary was previously to remain faceless and anonymous, but, Secretary needs to play a proactive role now.
- Since the training and inclination of most civil servants is to remain anonymous, specialised communication is the need of the hour for Secretaries.
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