Superconductors
08 Aug 2023 6 mins Download PDF
Superconductors
Why in the news?
The South Korean scientists have reported to have found a material called LK-99 capable of being a superconductor at room temperature and ambient pressure.
LK-99 Superconductor:
- LK-99 is a copper-substituted apatite, capable of exhibiting superconducting property.
- The material can exhibit superconductivity without the need to cool it to a very low temperature and application of very high pressure.
- The South Korean scientists state that it can carry electric current with zero losses in transmission.
- However, the claims need to be assessed by an Independent verification process carried out by qualified scientists to ascertain the validity of the claim.
About:
What is a Superconductor?
- It is any material that achieves superconductivity, which is a state of matter that has no electrical resistance and does not allow magnetic fields to penetrate (Meissner effect).
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Superconductor
- Electric current in a superconductor can flow through indefinitely, meaning it offers zero resistance and no loss in the electric current can be witnessed.
- Conditions for achieving Superconductivity- BCS (Bardeen, Cooper, Schriffer) theory:
- Materials have to cooled to very low temperature below which it exhibits the property of Superconductivity. This temperature is called as the Critical temperature.
- Application of very high pressure to the materials.
- Types of superconductors:
What are its applications?
- Medical applications like MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scanners employs superconducting electromagnets that helps in generation of strong magnetic field with no dissipation of heat.
- Super-fast maglev trains that use magnets to levitate the trains off the track to reduce friction.
- It finds application in experimental nuclear fusion reactors and high-energy particle accelerator laboratories.
- Used for Quantum Computers.
- Electric generators
- Used as memory or storage elements.
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