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Bird Flu Outbreak in Odisha: Impact, and Precautions

The H5N1 strain of avian influenza has been detected in Puri district, Odisha, and confirmed in Pipili town. Nearly 20,000 chickens have been culled in the areas.

Current Outbreak in Odisha

  • H5N1 strain of avian influenza (Bird Flue) detected in Puri district, Odisha
  • Virus confirmed in Pipili town by National Institute of High-Security Animal Disease, Bhopal
  • Nearly 20,000 chickens culled in Pipili and Satyabadi areas
  • 13 state government teams deployed for culling operations
  • Health department directs authorities to strengthen surveillance
  • Close coordination required between departments for early warning reports

Bird Flu History and Previous Outbreaks in India

  • First avian influenza outbreak in India: February 2006, Navapur tehsil, Nandurbar district, Maharashtra
  • Recent outbreak in April 2024: Alappuzha district, Kerala (mass culling of ducks)
  • First human case of avian Influenza A(H5N1) in India: June 2021, Haryana (18-year-old boy died)
  • First global human case: 1997 in Hong Kong among poultry workers

Understanding Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

  • Viral infection primarily affecting birds, occasionally spreading to humans
  • Most common strain affecting humans: H5N1 (also H7N7 and H7N9 reported)
  • Natural carriers: Wild birds
  • Transmission: Through infected birds' feces, saliva, and mucus
  • Human infection: Inhalation or contact with virus through eyes, nose, or mouth
  • Potential consequence: Severe pneumonia, possibly leading to death
  • No definite evidence of human-to-human transmission

Precautions and Control Measures

  • Culling of infected and potentially exposed birds
  • Surveillance and monitoring of poultry farms and wild bird populations
  • Testing of suspected cases at specialized laboratories
  • Health department directives for human health protection
  • Public awareness about the disease and its transmission
  • Coordination between animal husbandry and health departments
  • Proper disposal of infected bird carcasses
  • Personal protective equipment for workers involved in culling operations

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