International Criminal Court (ICC)

1. ICC is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal having headquarters at The Hague, Netherlands.
2. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute 
   1. individuals for the international crimes of genocide
   2. crimes against humanity, war crimes 
   3. crime of aggression. 
3. The ICC became operational in 2002, after the Rome Statute was put to force.
4. The Rome Statute is a multilateral treaty that serves as the court's charter and governing document.
5. As of March 2022, 123 countries are the member states of ICC.
6. ICC serves as the "court of last resort" and exercise its jurisdiction only when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals.
7. It lacks universal territorial jurisdiction and can investigate or prosecute crimes committed within member states or cases referred to the Court by the United Nations Security Council.