Current Affairs-Topics

India's 56th Tiger Reserve: Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla

Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla, India's 56th Tiger Reserve, is located in Chhattisgarh and covers 2,829.38 square kilometers. It is the third-largest tiger reserve in India after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam and Manas.

Location and Size Details:

  • Guru Ghasidas National Park located across Manendragarh-Chirmiri-Bharatpur, Korea, Surajpur, and Balrampur districts in Chhattisgarh
  • Total area: 2,829.38 square kilometers
    • Core/critical tiger habitat: 2,049.2 sq km
    • Buffer zone: 780.15 sq km
  • Becomes India's third-largest tiger reserve after Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam (Andhra Pradesh) and Manas (Assam)
  • Forms a landscape complex of nearly 4,500 sq km with adjacent Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve

Ecological Significance:

  • Nestled in Chota Nagpur plateau and partly in Baghelkhand plateau

Rich biodiversity documented by Zoological Survey of India:

    • Total 753 species identified
    • 365 invertebrates (mostly insects)
    • 388 vertebrates, including 230 bird species
    • 55 mammal species, many threatened

Connected to multiple tiger reserves:

    • Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) to the West
    • Palamau Tiger Reserve (Jharkhand) to the East
  • Features varied terrains, dense forests, streams, and rivers

Administrative Framework:

  • Notified by Chhattisgarh Government on November 4, 2024

Comprises:

    • Guru Ghasidas National Park
    • Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary

Becomes Chhattisgarh's fourth tiger reserve after:

    • Indravati (Bijapur district)
    • Udanti-Sitanadi (Gariaband)
    • Achanakmar (Mungeli)
  • Receives technical and financial support from National Tiger Conservation Authority under Project Tiger

Conservation Impact:

  • Strengthens India's position as home to over 70% of world's tiger population
  • Implements landscape approach to conservation as per National Wildlife Plan
  • Creates sustainable habitat for tiger population
  • Reduces human-animal conflicts through buffer zone management
  • Enhances ecological balance and biodiversity preservation in the region
  • Received final approval from NTCA in October 2021

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