India will host the ATCM-46 and CEP-26 Meeting in Kochi

India is set to host a significant international event – the 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM 46) and the 26th Meeting of the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP 26) – from May 20 to 30, 2024, in Kochi, Kerala. Organized by the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) under the Union Ministry of Earth Science, this event underscores India's commitment to the preservation of Antarctica and its active participation in global scientific endeavors.

The Antarctic Treaty

1. Origins and Objectives

• • The Antarctic Treaty was signed in 1959 in Washington, D.C., by 12 countries and came into force in 1961.
  • It designated Antarctica as a non-military zone dedicated to peaceful purposes, scientific cooperation, and environmental protection.
  • Currently, 56 countries have signed the Antarctic Treaty, solidifying global support for its principles.

2. Consultative Parties and Decision-Making

• • The Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM) serves as a forum for Consultative Parties and other stakeholders to discuss issues affecting Antarctica.
  • India became a Consultative Party in 1983, gaining decision-making authority alongside 28 other Consultative Parties.

3. Agenda and Focus Areas

• • The agenda of the ATCM includes strategic planning for sustainable management of Antarctica and its resources, policy and legal operations, inspections, data exchange, biodiversity prospecting, research collaboration, climate change impacts, tourism framework, and awareness promotion.

The Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP)

1. Establishment and Mandate

• • The CEP was established under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (the Madrid Protocol) in 1991.
  • Its primary role is to advise the ATCM on environmental protection and conservation measures in Antarctica.

2. Areas of Focus

• • The 26th CEP meeting will concentrate on Antarctic environment evaluation, impact assessment, climate change response, area protection and management plans, marine spatial protection, and conservation of Antarctic biodiversity.

India's Involvement in Antarctica

1. Scientific Expeditions and Research Stations

• • India initiated its scientific expedition to Antarctica in 1981 to conduct research in the region.
  • The first Indian research station, Dakshin Gangotri, was established in 1983, followed by Maitri (1989) and Bharati (2012).

2. Enactment of the Antarctic Act

• • In 2022, India enacted the Antarctic Act, further solidifying its commitment to Antarctic affairs and aligning with international regulations.

3. Contributions to Decision-Making

• • As a Consultative Party, India actively contributes to the decision-making process at the ATCM, providing valuable insights and perspectives on various issues related to Antarctica.

The National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR)

1. Role and Responsibilities

• • The NCPOR is the nodal body responsible for conducting research in the polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic), the Himalayas, and the Southern Ocean.
  • It is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Earth Science, Government of India, with its headquarters located in Vasco Da Gama, Goa.

2. Hosting the ATCM 46 and CEP 26

• • As the host organization, the NCPOR will facilitate the smooth conduct of the ATCM 46 and CEP 26 meetings in Kochi, Kerala.
  • This event will bring together over 350 delegates from more than 60 countries, showcasing India's capabilities as a responsible host nation.

Significance and Impact

1. Global Collaboration and Knowledge Sharing

• • Hosting the ATCM 46 and CEP 26 provides India with a platform to engage with international experts, share knowledge, and contribute to the decision-making processes related to Antarctica.
  • It fosters global cooperation and facilitates the exchange of ideas and best practices in scientific research, environmental protection, and sustainable management of the Antarctic region.

2. Strengthening India's Presence and Influence

• • By hosting this prestigious event, India reinforces its presence and influence in Antarctic affairs, further solidifying its position as a responsible and committed stakeholder.
  • It also showcases India's technological and logistical capabilities, paving the way for potential collaborations and partnerships with other nations.

3. Environmental Stewardship and Climate Change Mitigation

• • The discussions and deliberations during the ATCM 46 and CEP 26 meetings will address critical issues related to environmental protection, climate change impacts, and sustainable management of Antarctic resources.
  • India's active participation and leadership in these discussions will contribute to global efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change and preserving the fragile ecosystem of Antarctica.

Conclusion

India's hosting of the 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM 46) and the 26th Meeting of the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP 26) marks a significant milestone in the country's commitment to Antarctic affairs and scientific exploration. This event not only strengthens India's position as a responsible stakeholder but also provides a platform for global collaboration, knowledge sharing, and collective efforts towards environmental stewardship and sustainable management of the Antarctic region. By bringing together experts and decision-makers from around the world, India reinforces its dedication to scientific research, environmental protection, and the preservation of this unique and vital ecosystem for generations to come.