Mission Mausam: India's 2,000 Crore Weather Revolution

Overview and Objectives

• Mission Mausam: A 2,000 crore initiative approved by the Union Cabinet on September 11, 2024
• Two-year implementation period (2024-2026)
• Aim: Make India 'Weather Ready' and 'Climate Smart'
• Enhance weather and climate observations, understanding, modeling, and forecasting
• Develop cutting-edge weather surveillance technologies and systems
• Implement higher resolution atmospheric observations
• Improve understanding of weather and climate processes
• Develop state-of-art dissemination system for last-mile connectivity
• Focus on capacity building in weather and climate sciences

Technological Advancements and Infrastructure

• Installation of 50 Doppler Weather Radars (DWR)
• Establishment of 60 Radio Sonde/Radio Wind (RS/RW) stations
• Deployment of 100 disdrometers and 10 Wind Profilers
• Addition of 25 radiometers for enhanced atmospheric measurements
• Creation of 1 Urban testbed and 1 Process testbed for research
• Setting up 1 Ocean Research station for marine weather studies
• Installation of 10 Marine Automatic Weather Stations with upper air observation
• Implementation of next-generation radars and satellites with advanced instrument payloads
• Utilization of High-Performance Computers (HPC) for data processing
• Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) for improved forecasting

Implementation and Key Players

• Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) to oversee the mission

Three primary implementing institutes:

1. India Meteorological Department (IMD)

2. National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF)

3. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM)

Support from other MoES institutions:

• • Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
  • National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT)
• Collaboration with national and international institutes, academia, and industries
• Development of improved earth system models and data-driven methods
• Creation of a GIS-based automated Decision Support System for real-time data

Expected Benefits and Impact

• Improved forecasts on both spatial and temporal scales
• Enhanced air quality data and weather management strategies
• No weather system in the country will go undetected
• Better understanding of physical processes in weather forecasting
• Improved data assimilation with increased ingestion of observations
• Fusion of physics-based numerical models with AI/ML for superior forecasts
• Expansion of data and services dissemination
• Capacity-building to benefit citizens and stakeholders

Potential benefits for various sectors:

• • Agriculture: Better crop planning and management
  • Disaster management: Improved preparedness for extreme weather events
  • Aviation and transportation: Enhanced safety and efficiency
  • Health and urban planning: Better environmental insights
  • Defence: Improved strategic planning based on weather conditions
  • Energy and water resources: Optimized resource management
  • Tourism: Enhanced weather information for travelers