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Current Affairs-Topics
Supreme Court Upholds 'Socialist' and 'Secular' in Preamble
|
The 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution, introduced during the Emergency period (1975-1977), introduced terms 'socialist' and 'secular' in 1976. The Supreme Court rejected petitions challenging these additions, affirming Parliament's authority to amend the Constitution under Article 368. |
Constitutional Amendment Background
- The 42nd Amendment was introduced during the Emergency period (1975-1977) under Indira Gandhi's government
- Original terms in the Preamble were 'sovereign' and 'democratic republic'
- Terms 'socialist' and 'secular' were added in 1976, expanding the constitutional description
- Petitions challenged the legitimacy of these additions, arguing they deviated from the original framers' intent
Supreme Court's Ruling
- The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Sanjiv Khanna, rejected petitions challenging the amendment
- Affirmed Parliament's authority to amend the Constitution under Article 368
- Clarified that the Constitution's adoption date does not restrict amendment powers
- Emphasized that the Constitution is a living document adaptable to societal needs
- Noted that the amendment has undergone extensive judicial review
Interpretation of Socialist and Secular Principles
- Socialism interpreted as a welfare state model in the Indian context
- Allows private sector flourishing alongside state-driven welfare policies
- Secularism defined as equal treatment of all religions without discrimination
- The court stressed these terms do not limit economic policies or government actions
- Highlighted that fundamental rights and core constitutional principles remain paramount
The Supreme Court's response emphasized:
- Constitutional amendments can reflect evolving societal values
- Socialism and secularism are widely understood and accepted concepts
- The amendment does not compromise fundamental rights
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