Medicinal Discoveries and Human Body

Medicinal Discoveries and Human Body

Medicinal Discoveries and Important Scientific Facts

Inventions and Discoveries

Funk named it ‘Vitamine’ (in 1912)

Important Information

Largest and Smallest Animals and Birds

Fathers and Founders

Some Important Facts

• The study of dreams is called 'oneirology'.

• The study of the beauty of humans is called kalology.

• At the time of the creation of life, there was no oxygen.

• The strongest part in the body is the enamel of teeth.

• The sex determination of humans depends on male sex chromosomes.

• The fastest nervous speed is 532 kmph.

• The internal area of the lungs of a human is 93 sq. m., which is forty times the external area of the body.

• The bones are as strong as concrete and as hard as granite.

• Inside the body approximately 15 million cells are destroyed every second.

• The weight of the uterus of the woman who has not given birth to a child is 50 grams, and after giving birth to a child, the weight becomes 100 grams.

• The weight of the kidney is approximately 150 grams.

• In a single inhalation, a normal adult takes 500 ml of air inside the body.

• The capacity of the heart to pump the blood is 4.5 litres per minute.

• The length of the small intestine is approximately 7 metres, and its diameter is 2.5 centimetres.

• The blood circulation inside the body takes approximately 23 seconds.

• The antibiotic, namely penicillin, is obtained from the Penicillium fungus.

• Humans are the most intelligent hominids in the universe.

• The albatross is the largest sea bird, whose spread of feather is 10–12 ft.

• There are approximately 50 lakhs of hairs in the body of a human.

• In the initial stage of formation of the placenta, H.C.G. hormones flow in a large quantity and are excreted through urine. At this time, in the testing of urine, due to the presence of this hormone, a pregnancy test is carried out.

• The heartbeat of a child is more than that of an adult.

• A single respiration completes in 5 seconds, i.e., 2 seconds of inspiration and 3 seconds of expiration.

• Every day blood in the body of the human carries approximately 350 litres of oxygen to the cells of the body. Out of this, 97% of oxygen is carried by haemoglobin, and the remaining 3% is circulated by blood plasma.

• Zinc sulphide is used as a rodenticide.

• The first child born after the operative procedure was Caesar.

• The largest living ape is the gorilla.

• Fish is a first-class protein, as it contains essential amino acids.

• The soils which are rich in calcium are known as pedocals.

• Contour farming is a biological method of soil conservation.

• Vermicomposting is done by worms.

• Asha: Accredited social health activist. It is a national rural health mission which provides community health care by trained females in every village.

• Lacrimal glands are situated in the eye orbit of the eye.

• 'Gustation' refers to the sense of taste.

• N₂O is used as an anaesthetic.

• The ozone hole is clearly visible in Antarctica during winter seasons.

• The dolphin of the Ganga River is known as the national aquatic animal of India.

• Central Food Technology Research is situated at Mysore.

• Altitude sickness is caused at high altitudes due to low partial pressure of oxygen.

• “Mission Indradhanush”, launched by the government of India, pertains to the immunisation of children and pregnant women.

• Sarpgandha is a plant that is used to treat blood pressure and only found in India.

• The process of using microbes to treat areas of land or sea that have been contaminated by pesticides, oil or solvent is known as bioremediation.

• The magnetic field inside the body forms the basis of obtaining the image of different body parts, and this technique is called “MRI”.

• The Indian Veterinary Institute is located at Bareilly.

• The web portal DACNET is released to e-Agriculture.

• The minimum distance of clear vision for a normal healthy human eye is supposed to be 25 cm.

• An isotope of carbon is used in the calculation of the age of the earth.

• Capsules of medicines are usually made up of gelatine.

• Melanin pigment is responsible for the colour of human skin.

• The word 'Denisovan' refers to an early human species sometimes mentioned in media.

• In April 2019, the world’s first 3D-printed heart was produced using human tissue produced by scientists of Israel.

• The Botanical Survey of India (BSI) headquarters is located at Kolkata.

• The first time the entire genome of an Asiatic lion was sequenced was in May 2019 by the scientists from the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research’s (CSIR) Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology in Hyderabad.

• The discoverer of anti-malarial drugs extracted from artemisinin (ajwain) was conferred the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2015.

• In order to get clean drinking water, disinfectant is not used to remove minerals.

Important Elements Used in the Treatment of Disease

Environmental and Biological Technology

• Bio-rock technology is talked about for the restoration of damaged coral reefs.

Final Thoughts

Medicinal discoveries and scientific facts have greatly shaped modern healthcare and our understanding of life. From Edward Jenner’s invention of vaccines to Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin, these breakthroughs have saved millions of lives.

Scientists like Watson and Crick revealed the structure of DNA, while Christian Bernard performed the first heart transplant. Nature, too, fascinates with the blue whale as the largest mammal and the hummingbird as the smallest bird. Human anatomy shows remarkable facts — our lungs cover 93 sq. metres, and the heart pumps 4.5 litres of blood per minute.

These discoveries and biological wonders together reflect how science continuously unfolds the mysteries of life and health.