Zoology
Biotechnology & Applied Biology
More Articles
- Biotechnology & Applied Biology
- Biology-Introduction
- What is Living
- Classification of Organism
- Study of Cell - Cytology
- Genetics
- Sex Determination in Human
- Organic Evolution
- Classification of Plantae / Virus & Bacteria
- Plant Morphology
- Plant Tissue
- Photosynthesis
- Plant Hormones
- Plant Diseases
- Ecology/ Nitrogen cycle
- Pollution
- Classification of Animal Kingdom
- Animal Tissue
- Human Blood
- System of the Human Body
- Nutrients
- Human Diseases
- Medicinal Discoveries, Important information and Facts
Biotechnology & Applied Biology
Biotechnology:
It deal with techniques of using live organism or enzymes from organisms to produce product and processes which are useful for humans.
Ex – making curd, bread or wine in which microbes are used.
Genetic Engineering:
This is the techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA & RNA) and introduce into host organism, which change the phenotype of the host organism.
Bioprocess Engineering:
Maintenance of sterile ambience to enable growth of only desired microbes or eukaryotic cells in large quantities for the manufacture of biotechnological products like antibiotics, vaccines, enzymes etc.
Restriction enzyme:
This is known as molecular scissors cutting the DNA at specific location.
Plasmid:
In addition to genomic DNA many bacteria have extra small circular DNA known as plasmid.
- Due to presence of plasmid bacteria is resistance to many antibiotics. This create an unique phenotypic characters in bacteria.
- A plasmid can be used as vector to deliver an alien piece of DNA into host organism.
DNA ligase:
- This is an enzyme by which cut end on DNA molecule join together.
Recombinant DNA:
This is a DNA which has been created by combining two fragments of DNA from two different sources.
Cloning:
Producing large number of identical copy of any template, DNA is called cloning.
- Application of biotechnology includes agriculture, therapeutic, diagnostic, biopharmaceutical, processed food, waste treatment and energy production.
- Restrication enzyme belongs to larger class of enzyme called nucleases.
- Exonuclease removes nucleotide from the end of DNA.
- Endonuclease cut at specific position within the DNA.
- Plant, bacteria, fungi and animals whose gene have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically organisms (GSO).
- Game therapy is a collection of method that allow correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child or embryo.
- The first clinical gene theraphy was given in 1990 to a four year girl with adenosine demin
- Genetically modified plants are useful in increasing crop yields, reduce the losses and make the crop more tolerant to stresses.
- Papaver somniferum plant yields powerful analgesic.
- Major source of sugar in the world is Saccharum Officinarum.
- Cocos nucifera a plant material, which is widely used in the preparation of culture medium.
- To yield milk, cow is given prolactin.
- The best way to determine paternity is DNA finger printing.
- Chloromycetin is obtain from streptomycetin venezualae.
- Genetic engineering is applied in the development of “Recombinant Vector Vaccines” in which bacteria and virus are used as vectors.
- Bollgard I and Bollgard II technology are used in developing genetically modified crop plant.
- The team ‘ACE-2’ is talked about in the context of spread of viral disease.
- A diagnostic test, Real time PCR for COVID – 19 detects RNA of virus.
- Rapid Antibodies Test does not require sample from nose and throat in covid-19 test approved by Indian council of Medical Research.
- Sinova given for Covid-19 is a whole virus vaccine.
- DNA Barcoding can be a tool to – distinguish among species that look alike.
- The serum Institute of India produced Covid-19 vaccine name covishield using m RNA plateform.
- Sputnik V vaccine is manufactured by using vector base platform.
- Covaxin is an inactivated pathogen based vaccine.
More Related Articles
Biology: Branch of science in which scientific study of life is done. Bios = Life and Logos = Study. Therefore study of life is called Biology. The term biology was first coined by Lamarck an
The word living cannot be defined. Living organism mostly uses solar energy. There are certain characters by which living can be distinguished from non living. 1. Growth: Increase in the numb
There are millions of organisms. It is impossible to study each individual separately. Classification means to categories organism into different groups. Study of an individual of a group gives us
Study of cell is called cytology. Cell-Cytology, Main features & function, Types of cell, Plant cell, Animal cell, Cell structure, Protoplasm, Cell membrane, Chromosome, DNA, RNA, Protoplasm,
Transmission of character from one generation to next generation is called heredity. The process of transfer of hereditary character from generation to generation is called genetics. The name g
In human male sex chromosome is ‘XY’, where as in female sex chromosome is XX. During gamete formation in male half of the sperm contain ‘X’ chromosome while other half contain
More and more creation of organism by gradual change from low categories organism to higher organism is called organic evolution. There are several evidence regarding organic evolution. Homologo
The study of different types of trees & plants is called Botany. Theophrastus is called the father of Botany. Aristotle is known as father of biology. In the year 1883, Eicher has classifie
Morphology: The study of forms and features of different parts of plants like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits etc is called Morphology. Root Root is the descending part of the plant whi
Tissue: The group of cells having common origin, and usually perform a common function. Types of plant tissue A. Meristematic tissue: Growing regions of the plants are called Meristem.