Indian Polity & Constitution
Important Parts, Articles of the Constitution
More Articles
- Important Parts, Articles Of The Constitution
- Introduction - Indian polity & Constitution
- Evolution of Indian Constitution
- Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution
- Different Sources of Indian Constitution
- Schedules of Indian Constitution
- Special Features of Indian Constitution / Federal & Unitary
- The Preamble
- Lapse of Paramountcy
- Integration and Merger of Indian States
- The Union and its Territories
- Reorganization of States
- Citizenship
- Fundamental Rights
- The Writs
- Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
- Fundamental Duties
- Procedure for Amending the Constitution
- The Doctrine of Basic Features
- Some Important Constitutional Amendment Acts
- Executive of the Union The President (Art. 52)
- Emergency Provisions
- The Vice-President
- The Prime Minister and the Union Council of Ministers
- The Attorney & Auditor General of India
- The Parliament of India - President, Rajya Sabha & Lok Sabha
- Parliamentary Terms
- The Supreme Court
- The High Court
- Centre-State Relations
- Executive of the States - Governor, State Legislature
- Panchayati Raj
- Municipalities
- Inter-State Relations
- Planning Commission, NITI Aayog, NDC and Finance Commission
- Public Service Commissions
- Election & Election Commission
- Delimitation Commission of India
- The Official Language
- National Symbol (Flag, Emblem, Anthem, Song, Calendar, etc.)
- Some Important Comments and Statements
- Miscellaneous - Indian Polity & Constitution
Important Parts, Articles of the Constitution
Parts & Articles of Indian Constitution
Part |
Articles |
Subject |
Part I |
Article 1-4 |
The Union and its territory. |
Part II |
Article 5-11 |
Citizenship |
Part III |
Article 12-35 |
Fundamental Rights. |
Art. 12 |
Definition |
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Art. 13 |
Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights |
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Art. 14-18 (Right to Equality) |
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Art. 14 |
Equality before law |
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Art. 15 |
Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth |
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Art. 16 |
Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment. |
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Art. 17 |
Abolition of untouchability |
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Art. 18 |
Abolition of titles |
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Art. 19-22 (Right to Freedom) |
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Art. 19 |
Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech etc. |
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Art. 20 |
Protection in respect of conviction for offences. |
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Art. 21 |
Protection of life and personal liberty |
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Art. 21A |
Right to education |
|
Art. 22 |
Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases |
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Art. 23-24 (Right against Exploitation) |
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Art. 23 |
Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour |
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Art. 24 |
Prohibition of employment of children in factories etc. |
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Art. 25-28 (Right to Freedom of Religion) |
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Art. 25 |
Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion |
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Art. 26 |
Freedom to manage religious affairs |
|
Art. 27 |
Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion |
|
Art. 28 |
Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions |
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Art. 29-30 (Cultural and Educational Rights) |
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Art. 29 |
Protection of interests of minorities |
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Art. 30 |
Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions |
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Saving of certain Laws |
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Art. 31A |
Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates etc. |
|
Art. 31B |
Validation of certain Acts and Regulations |
|
Art. 31C |
Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles |
|
Art. 32-35 (Right to Constitutional Remedies) |
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Art. 32 |
Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part |
|
Art. 33 |
Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces etc. |
|
Art. 34 |
Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area |
|
Art. 35 |
Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part |
|
Part IV |
Article 36-51 |
Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) |
Art. 36 |
Definition |
|
Art. 37 |
Application of the principles contained in this Part |
|
Art. 38 |
State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people |
|
Art. 39 |
Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State |
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Art. 39A |
Equal justice and free legal aid |
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Art. 40 |
Organisation of village Panchayats |
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Art. 41 |
Right to work, to education and to publicassistance in certain cases |
|
Art.42 |
Provision for just and humane conditions ofwork and maternity relief |
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Art. 43 |
Living wage etc for workers |
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Art. 43A |
Participation of workers in management of industries |
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Art. 43B |
The State shall endeavour to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societies. |
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Art. 44 |
Uniform civil code for the citizens |
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Art. 45 |
Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years |
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Art. 46 |
Promotion of educational and economic interest of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections |
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Art. 47 |
Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health |
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Art. 48 |
Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry Art. 48A Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life |
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Art. 49 |
Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance |
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Art.50 |
Separation of judiciary from executive |
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Art.51 |
Promotion of international peace and security |
|
Part IVA |
Article 51A |
Fundamental Duties |
Part V |
Chapter 1: Article 52-78 |
The Union |
Art. 52 |
The President of India |
|
Art. 53 |
Executive power of the Union |
|
Art. 54 |
Election of President |
|
Art. 61 |
Procedure for impeachment of the President |
|
Art. 63 |
The Vice-President of India |
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Art. 64 |
The Vice-President to be ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States |
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Art. 65 |
The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence of President |
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Art. 66 |
Election of Vice-President |
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Art. 72 |
Power of President to grant pardons etc and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases |
|
Art. 74 |
Council of Ministers to aid and advise President |
|
Art. 76 |
Attorney General for India |
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Art. 77 |
Conduct of business of the Government of India |
|
Art. 78 |
Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc |
|
Chapter 2: Article 79-122 |
Parliament |
|
Art. 79 |
Constitution of Parliament |
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Art. 80 |
Composition of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) |
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Art. 81 |
Composition of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) |
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Art. 83 |
Duration of Houses of Parliament |
|
Art. 84 |
Qualification for membership of Parliament |
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Art. 85 |
Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution |
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Art. 86 |
Right of President to address and send messages to Houses |
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Art. 87 |
Special address by the President |
|
Art. 88 |
Rights of Ministers and Attorney General as respects Houses |
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Art. 89 |
The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States |
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Art. 90 |
Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman |
|
Art. 93 |
The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People |
|
Art. 94 |
Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker |
|
Art. 95 |
Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker |
|
Art. 98 |
Secretariat of Parliament |
|
Art. 99 |
Oath or affirmation by members |
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Art. 100 |
Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum |
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Art. 105 |
Powers, privileges etc of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof |
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Art. 106 |
Salaries and allowances of members |
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Art. 107 |
Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills |
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Art. 108 |
Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases |
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Art. 109 |
Special procedure in respect of Money Bills |
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Art. 110 |
Definition of 'Money Bills' |
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Art. 111 |
Assent to Bills |
|
Art. 112 |
Annual financial statement (Budget) |
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Art. 113 |
Procedurein Parliament with respect to estimates |
|
Art. 114 |
Appropriation Bills |
|
Art. 115 |
Supplementary, additional or excess grants |
|
Art. 116 |
Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants |
|
Art. 117 |
Special provisions as to financial Bills |
|
Art. 118 |
Rules of procedure |
|
Art.119 |
Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business |
|
Art. 120 |
Language to be used in Parliament |
|
Art. 121 |
Restriction on discussion in Parliament |
|
Art. 122 |
Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament |
|
Chapter 3: Article 123 |
Legislative Powers of the President |
|
Art. 123 |
Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament |
|
Chapter 4: Article 124-147 |
The Union Judiciary |
|
Art. 124 |
Establishment and Constitution of Supreme Court |
|
Art. 125 |
Salaries etc. of Judges |
|
Art. 126 |
Appointment of acting Chief Justice (in the Supreme Court) |
|
Art. 127 |
Appointment of ad hocJudges (in the Supreme Court) |
|
Art. 128 |
Attendance of retired Judge at sittings of the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 129 |
Supreme Court to be a Court of record |
|
Art. 130 |
Seat of Supreme Court |
|
Art. 131 |
Original jurisdiction of Supreme Court |
|
Art. 132 |
Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Court in certain cases |
|
Art. 133 |
Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Court in regard to chii matters |
|
Art. 134 |
Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters Art. 134A Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 135 |
Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 136 |
Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 137 |
Review of judgements or orders by the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 138 |
Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 141 |
Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all Courts |
|
Art. 143 |
Power of President to consult Supreme Court |
|
Art. 144 |
Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 145 |
Rules of Court, etc. |
|
Art. 146 |
Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court |
|
Art. 147 |
Interpretation |
|
Chapter 5: Article 148-151 |
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India |
|
Art. 148 |
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India |
|
Art. 149 |
Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General |
|
Art. 150 |
Form of accounts of the Union and of the States |
|
Art. 151 |
Audit reports |
|
Part VI |
Article 152-237 |
The States - The Government at the State level: The Executive, The State Legislature, The High Courts and Subordinate Courts |
Part VII |
Article 238 |
The States in Part B of the First Schedule |
Part VIII |
Article 239-241 |
The Union Territories |
Part IX |
Article 243 to 243-O |
The Panchayats |
Part IXA |
Article 243-P to 243-ZG |
The Municipalities |
Part IXB |
Article 243-ZH to 243-ZT |
The Co-operative Societies |
Part X |
Article 244-244A |
The Scheduled and Tribal Areas |
Part XI |
Article 245-263 |
Relations between The Union and The States |
Part XII |
Article 264-300 |
Finance, property, contracts and suits; Distribution of revenue between Union and States; Finance Commission; Borrowing, Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, Obligations and Suits. |
Art. 268 |
Taxes are levied and collected by the centre but distributed between the centre and the states. |
|
Art. 300A |
Right to Property |
|
Part XIII |
Article 301-307 |
Trade, commerce and inter-course within India |
Part XIV |
Article 308-323 |
Services Under The Union and The States |
Art. 308 |
Services Under The Union and The States |
|
Art. 309 |
Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State |
|
Art. 310 |
Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State |
|
Art. 311 |
Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State |
|
Art. 312 |
All-India Services |
|
Art. 315 |
Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States |
|
Art. 316 |
Appointment and term of office of members |
|
Art. 317 |
Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission |
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Art. 318 |
Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission |
|
Art. 320 |
Functions of Public Service Commissions |
|
Art. 321 |
Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions |
|
Art. 323 |
Reports of Public Service Commissions |
|
Part XIVA |
Article 323A-323B |
Tribunals |
Part XV |
Article 324-329 |
Elections |
Art. 324 |
Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission |
|
Art. 325 |
No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral rcil on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex |
|
Art. 326 |
Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage |
|
Art. 327 |
Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to legislatures |
|
Art. 328 |
Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature |
|
Art. 329 |
Bar to interference by Courts in electoral matters |
|
Part XVI |
Article 330-342 |
Special provisions for certain classes |
Part XVII |
Article 343-351 |
Official languages |
Part XVIII |
Article 352-360 |
Emergency Provisions |
Art. 352 |
Proclamation of National Emergency |
|
Art. 356 |
Proclamation of State Emergency |
|
Art. 360 |
Proclamation of Financial Emergency |
|
Part XIX |
Article 361-367 |
Miscellaneous |
Art.361A |
Protection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures |
|
Art. 363 |
Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements etc. |
|
Art. 363A |
Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished |
|
Art. 364 |
Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes |
|
Art. 365 |
Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union |
|
Part XX |
Article 368 |
Amendment of the Constitution |
Part XXI |
Article 369-392 |
Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions—Special status of States |
Part XXII |
Article 393-395 |
Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative text in Hindi and Repeals |
Some other Information
Lokpal |
A Lokpal is an 'Ombudsman' in India. It has jurisdiction over all members of Parliament (MPs), the Prime Minister (with certain exceptions), ministers and all Civil servants etc in cases of corruption. Lokpal is empowered to sanction prosecution.
|
Lokayukta |
|
Declaration under Article 370 (3) |
In exercise of the powers conferred by Clause (3) of Article 370 read with Clause (1) of Article 370 of the Constitution of India, the President, on the recommendation of Parliament, is pleased to declare that, as from the 5th August, 2019, all clauses of the said Article 370 shall cease to be operative except the following which shall read as under, namely- "370. All provisions of this Constitution, as amended from time to time, without any modifications or exceptions, shall apply to the State of Jammu and Kashmir not withstanding anything contrary contained in article 152 or article 308 or any other article of this Constitution or any other provision of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir or any law, document, judgement, ordinance, order, by-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having the force of law in the territory of India, or any other instrument, treaty or agreement as envisaged under article 363 or otherwise." |
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