Indian Polity & Constitution

Some Important Comments and Statements

By Examguru / 28 Sep, 2023 / Download PDF

Some Important Comments and Statements

Some Important Comments

  • Rights are those conditions of social life without which no man can seek, in general, to be himself at his best. — Laski
  • “Democracy is the Government of the people, by the people and for the people."  —Abraham LincoIn
  • “Unitary government is the habitual exercise of supreme legislative authority by one central power."  —Dicey
  • “Unitary government is one in which all authority and power are lodged in a single centre whose will and agents are legally omnipotent over the whole area." —Dr. Herman Finer
  • "Parliamentary Government is that system in which the Cabinet is immediately and legally responsible to Parliament." —Dr. Gamer
  • "All rules which directly or indirectly affect the distribution of the sovereign power in the state make up the Constitution of the State."              —Dicey
  • "Constitution is the way in which, citizens who are the component parts of the State are arranged in relation to one another."  —Aristotle
  • "Constitution is a set of established rules embodying and enacting the practice of Government."   —Bryce
  • "Constitution is a system of fundamental political institutions."    —Herman Finer
  • "Constitution is the form of Government."  —Leecock
  • "Democracy postulates the equalities of men and political equality can be assured only when all citizens are granted the right to vote. Laws and policies of the Government concern all people and what touch the all, should be decided by all."            —John Stuart Mill
  • "All inhabitants ought to have right at the election of representatives, except such as are in so mean a situation as to be deemed to have no will of their own. —Montesquieu
  • "All the powers of government, legislative, executive and judiciary, result to the legislative body. The concentration of these in the same hands is precisely the definition of despotic government. It will be no alleviation that these powers will be exercised by a plurality of hands and not by a single one. One hundred and seventy three despots would surely be as oppressive as one." —Jefferson

Some Important Statements

  • Father of Science of politics in west  —Aristotle
  • "Man is by nature a political animal and he who by nature and not by mere accident is without state, is either above humanity or below it." —Aristotle
  • "State came into existence for the sake of mere life but now it continues to exist for the sake of good life." —Aristotle
  • "Human consiousness postulates liberty; liberty involves rights; rights demand the state."  —Prof. Barker
  • "Father of the Idealistic Theory" —Immanuel Kant "State is a march of God upon earth."       —Hegel
  • "Though the king is a human being yet no one should hate him because he is God in the shape of man." —Manusmriti
  • "People were fedup with the anarchy and so God created the state for their protection."  —Manusmriti
  • "Man is born and everywhere he is in chains."     —Rousseau
  • Theory of General will is given by —Rousseau
  • T.H. Green's concept of Idealism is known as  —Moderate Idealism
  • First of all attempted to differentiate the state from the government (in 19th century)  —John Locke
  • First of all seems to have employed the term "State" in political science was      —Nicolo Machiavelli (1469-1527).

 

Ayodhya Dispute Resolved

  • The Supreme Court ruled on November 9, 2019 in favour of a Ram temple on a disputed 2.77 acre plot in Ayodhya.
  • The order passed by a five-judge Constitution bench headed by Chief Justice of India (CJI) Ranjan Gogoi.
  • The court s ruling comes 136 years after the first case in the Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid issue was filed, and nine years after the Allahabad High Court delivered a judgement that each of the three main parties, the Sunni Waqf Board, the Nirmohi Akhara and Ram Lalla Virajman get an equal portion of the disputed land measuring 2.77 acres.
  • The foundation stone of Ram temple was led by the P.M. at Ram Janmbhoomi in Ayodhya on 5th August, 2020.

 

Triple Talaq Bill Passed by Parliament

  • The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Bill, 2019 also known as Triple Talaq Bill was passed by Parliament on July 30,2019. The Lok Sabha passed it earlier with a majority of 303 with 82 voting against. The Kajva Sabha passed it with a majority of 99 votes with 84 voting against on July 30,2019.
  • The Bill make all declaration of talaq. including in written or electronic form, to be avoid (i.e, not enforceable in law) and illegal. It defines talaq as talaq-e-biddat or any other similar form of talaq pronounced by a Muslim man resulting in instant and irrevocable divorce. Talaq-e-biddat refers to the practice under Muslim personal laws where pronouncement of the word talaq' thrice in one sitting by a Muslim man to his wife results in an instant and irrevocable divorce.
  • The Bill makes declaration of talaq a cognizable offence.
  • President Ram Nath Kovind gave his nod to the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Bill, 2019 on July 31, 2019 The law comes into force retrospectively from 19th September 2018.

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