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Project Tiger & Tiger Reserves

Project Tiger

Project Tiger was launched by the Government of India in the year 1973 to save the endangered species of tiger in the country. Starting from nine (9) reserves in 1973-74, the number has grown to fifty-five (55).

A total area of 78,735.5966 km² (including the area of the core/critical tiger habitat and the buffer/peripheral area) is covered by these Project Tiger areas, which account for 2.3% of India's land area.

Tiger Reserves in India

S. No.	Name of Tiger Reserve (TR)	State	Total Area (In Km²)
1	Nagarjunsagar Srisailam TR	Andhra Pradesh	3296.31
2	Namdapha TR	Arunachal Pradesh	2052.82
3	Kamlang TR	Arunachal Pradesh	783
4	Pakke TR	Arunachal Pradesh	1198.45
5	Manas TR	Assam	3150.92
6	Nameri TR	Assam	344
7	Orang Tiger Reserve	Assam	492.46
8	Kaziranga TR	Assam	1173.58
9	Valmiki TR	Bihar	899.38
10	Udanti-Sitanadi TR	Chhattisgarh	1842.54
11	Achanakmar TR	Chhattisgarh	914.017
12	Indravati TR	Chhattisgarh	2799.07
13	Palamau TR	Jharkhand	1129.93
14	Bandipur TR	Karnataka	1456.3
15	Bhadra TR	Karnataka	1064.29
16	Dandeli-Anshi TR	Karnataka	1097.514
17	Nagarahole TR	Karnataka	1205.76
18	Biligiri Ranganatha Temple TR	Karnataka	574.82
19	Periyar TR	Kerala	925
20	Parambikulam TR	Kerala	643.662
21	Kanha TR	Madhya Pradesh	2051.791
22	Pench TR	Madhya Pradesh	1179.6323
23	Bandhavgarh TR	Madhya Pradesh	1598.1
24	Panna TR	Madhya Pradesh	1578.55
25	Satpura TR	Madhya Pradesh	2133.308
26	Sanjay-Dubri TR	Madhya Pradesh	1674.502
27	Melghat TR	Maharashtra	2768.52
28	Tadoba-Andhari TR	Maharashtra	1727.5911
29	Pench TR	Maharashtra	741.22
30	Sahyadri TR	Maharashtra	1165.57
31	Nawegaon-Nagzira TR	Maharashtra	653.674
32	Bor TR	Maharashtra	138.12
33	Dampa TR	Mizoram	988
34	Similipal TR	Odisha	2750
35	Satkosia TR	Odisha	963.87
36	Ranthambore TR	Rajasthan	1411.291
37	Sariska TR	Rajasthan	1213.342
38	Mukandra Hills TR	Rajasthan	759.99
39	Kalakad-Mundanthurai TR	Tamil Nadu	1601.542
40	Mudumalai TR	Tamil Nadu	688.59
41	Sathyamangalam TR	Tamil Nadu	1408.4
42	Anamalai TR	Tamil Nadu	1479.87
43	Srivilliputhur Megamalai	Tamil Nadu	1016.57
44	Kawal TR	Telangana	2019.12
45	Amrabad TR	Telangana	2611.39
46	Dudhwa	Uttar Pradesh	2201.7748
47	Pilibhit	Uttar Pradesh	730.2498
48	Amangarh (Buffer of Corbett TR)	Uttar Pradesh	80.6
49	Jim Corbett TR	Uttarakhand	1288.31
50	Rajaji TR	Uttarakhand	1075.17
51	Sunderbans TR	West Bengal	2584.89
52	Buxa TR	West Bengal	757.9038
53	Ramgarh Vishdhari	Rajasthan	1052.12
54	Ranipur TR	Uttar Pradesh	529.36
55	Veerangana Durgavati TR	Madhya Pradesh	2339.12
56	Dholpur Karauli TR	Rajasthan	599.6406

[Source: NTCA]

As of 21 April 2024

Important Notes on Tiger Reserves

Kamlang TR is the 50th Tiger Reserve in India.
Orang TR is the 49th Tiger Reserve in India.
Jim Corbett TR/National Park, earlier known as Hailey National Park, was established in 1936 and is the 1st National Park of India.
Srivilliputhur Malai (TN) is the 51st TR in India (as announced on 8 February 2021).

[Source: ENVIS]

Protected Areas of India (As on July 2023)

Legal Status of Protected Areas

Type	No.	Total Area (km²)	Coverage % of Country
National Parks (NPs)	106	44,402.94	1.35%
Wildlife Sanctuaries (WLSs)	5673	1,27,197.55	3.87%
Conservation Reserves (CRs)	123	5585.05	0.17%
Community Reserves	220	1445.15	0.04%
Total Protected Areas (PAs)	1022	1,78,640.69	5.43%

[Source: WILL ENVIS]

Final Thoughts

Project Tiger stands as one of India’s most impactful wildlife conservation efforts, reflecting the nation's commitment to preserving its majestic national animal—the tiger. From just 9 reserves in 1973 to 55 reserves across various states by 2024, the project highlights not only the expansion of protected areas but also the growing awareness and action toward biodiversity conservation.

Covering over 78,000 km² and accounting for 2.3% of India’s land, these reserves serve as critical habitats for tigers and numerous other species. The initiative has brought together scientists, forest officials, communities, and governments in a unified mission.

Understanding the structure, spread, and status of these reserves is crucial for students, wildlife enthusiasts, and citizens alike. As India continues to balance development and ecological preservation, Project Tiger remains a global symbol of hope and resilience for endangered species.

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