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- The Preamble
- Introduction - Indian polity & Constitution
- Evolution of Indian Constitution
- Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution
- Different Sources of Indian Constitution
- Important Parts, Articles of the Constitution
- Schedules of Indian Constitution
- Special Features of Indian Constitution / Federal & Unitary
- Lapse of Paramountcy
- Integration and Merger of Indian States
- The Union and its Territories
- Reorganization of States
- Citizenship
- Fundamental Rights
- The Writs
- Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
- Fundamental Duties
- Procedure for Amending the Constitution
- The Doctrine of Basic Features
- Some Important Constitutional Amendment Acts
- Executive of the Union The President (Art. 52)
- Emergency Provisions
- The Vice-President
- The Prime Minister and the Union Council of Ministers
- The Attorney & Auditor General of India
- The Parliament of India - President, Rajya Sabha & Lok Sabha
- Parliamentary Terms
- The Supreme Court
- The High Court
- Centre-State Relations
- Executive of the States - Governor, State Legislature
- Panchayati Raj
- Municipalities
- Inter-State Relations
- Planning Commission, NITI Aayog, NDC and Finance Commission
- Public Service Commissions
- Election & Election Commission
- Delimitation Commission of India
- The Official Language
- National Symbol (Flag, Emblem, Anthem, Song, Calendar, etc.)
- Some Important Comments and Statements
- Miscellaneous - Indian Polity & Constitution
The Preamble
- The Preamble to the Constitution states the object which the Constitution seeks to establish and promote, and also aids the legal interpretation of the Constitution where the language is found ambiguous.
- The ideal embodied in the Objectives Resolution is faithfully reflected in the Preamble to the Constitution, which, as amended in 1976, summarise the aims and objects of the Constitution.
Text of the Preamble
We, the People of India having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic and to secure to all citizens:
Justice, social, economic and political;
Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship:
Equality of status and of opportunity;
And to promote among them all;
Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;
In our Constituent Assembly this twenty sixth day of November, 1949, do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this constitution.
- The Preamble specifies the source of authority, i.e. people of India, the system of Government, the objectives to be attained by the political system and the date of adaptation and enactment of the Constitution.
- Though, the Preamble is not enforceable in a court of law, it provides a key to the understanding and interpretation of the Constitution.
- In case of doubt, the Supreme Court has referred to the Preamble to elucidate vague aspects of the Constitution.
- In the Berubari case, the Supreme Court held that the Preamble was not part of the Constitution, but later, in the Keshavananda Bharti case, it declared that it was part of the Constitution.
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